The causes that start the forest and rural fires can be classified into six main groups: flashes of lightning, human negligence, fortuitous natural causes, deliberate causes, the reappearance of a previous fire and unknown causes. Besides, it causes vegetation degradation and flora and fauna diminution because they disappear from the affected zone and are not reintegrated into other environments. Fire entails pollution and water contamination as well as a loss of nutrients and ground microorganisms. Some cases could even cause the death of the inhabitants of the affected zone. Hundreds of thousands of hectares are destroyed every year, which produces disastrous environmental, economical, social, material and general infrastructure consequences. Unfortunately, numerous fire foci appear in the Mediterranean zone countries. When summer comes, the risk of fire is high. The wireless sensor network could be connected to Internet through a gateway and the images of the cameras could be seen from any part of the world. Moreover, we study the energy consumed by each device when the system is set up. In this paper, we show the test performance given by a test bench formed by four wireless IP cameras in several situations and the energy consumed when they are transmitting. The camera lets the fire fighters corroborate the existence of a fire and avoid false alarms. The central server selects the closest wireless cameras to the multisensor, based on a software application, which are rotated to the sensor that raised the alarm, and sends them a message in order to receive real-time images from the zone. We have developed a multisensor and when it detects a fire, it sends a sensor alarm through the wireless network to a central server. We have studied how many cameras, sensors and access points are needed to cover a rural or forest area, and the scalability of the system. In this paper we show all the steps followed to perform the design, research and development of a wireless multisensor network which mixes sensors with IP cameras in a wireless network in order to detect and verify fire in rural and forest areas of Spain. Besides, the systems in the literature lack scalability. However, almost all of them are just simulations, and very few implementations can be found. Existing fire detection systems only focus on detection, but not on the verification of the fire. Forest and rural fires are one of the main causes of environmental degradation in Mediterranean countries.
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